July 2018. Anderst JD, Carpenter SL, Presley R. et al. Journal of Family Violence. Retinal hemorrhage after pediatric neurosurgical procedures. N.L., Hill, H.D., Mooney, S.J., et al. Diagnostic Performance of Ultrafast Brain MRI for Evaluation of Abusive Head Trauma. December 2022. Laurent-Vannier A, Bernard JY, & Chevignard M. Child Abuse Review. Sherief, S.T., Dhoot, A.S., Schwartz, S., et al. Nikam, R.M., Kandula V.V., Yue. Mild abusive head injury: diagnosis and pitfalls. Child Abuse & Neglect. Subcortical Lacerations, a Significant Sign of Shaken Baby Syndrome - Diagnosis with High-Resolution Duplex Sonography. Which Children Are at Risk for Abusive Head Trauma? A man imprisoned for 15 years in the death of his month-old son is free after prosecutors and a judge agreed that the scientific research underlying what was once called "shaken baby syndrome . AAP News & Journals. Journal of Pediatrics. December 2020. December 2022. Pediatric traumatic brain injury and ocular injury. Eight-year outcome of implementation of abusive head trauma prevention. 1. The Radiologist. Utah Law Review. Traumatic axonal injury: neuropathological features, postmortem diagnostic methods, and strategies. Factors influencing child protection professionals' decision-making and multidiscliplinary collaboration in suspected abusive head trauma cases: A qualitative study. Weiss, R., He, C.H., Parsikia, A., et al. Journal of Pediatircs. 2. Child Abuse Review. Household falls from furniture or down stairs most commonly result in minor trauma. Identifying Predictors of Physical Abuse Evaluation of Injured Infants. Abusive head trauma: experience improves diagnosis. June 2022. Cervical spine injuries in young children: pattern and outcomes in accidental versus inflicted trauma. Sampei, M., Fujiwara, T., & Isumi, A.Japanese Journal of Public Health. April 2021. Luyet FM, Feldman KW, Knox BL. Imaging and reporting considerations for suspected physical abuse (non-accidental injury) in infants and young children. Changing diagnostic patterns in cases of sudden and unexpected natural death in infants and young children: 19942018. Antoniette J, Resseguier N, Dubus J-C, et al. Lee HC, Chong A, Lee JY, et al. Salisbury, T., Qurashi, N., & Mansoor, Q. British and Irish Orthoptic Journal. October 2021. Validation of a Prediction Tool for Abusive Head Trauma. Karmazyn, B., Reher, T.A., Supakul, N., et al. Developmental Outcomes Following Abusive Head Trauma in Infancy: A Systematic Review. A baby carrier fall leading to intracranial bleeding and multilayered retinal hemorrhages. This can cause bruising of the brain (cerebral . International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. Strouse PJ. Perception of male and female infant cry aversiveness by adult men. Predisposing factors in Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma (SBS/AHT)? Counties could form local and regional Child Fatality Review Teams (CFRTs) as well. Increased Mortality in Very Young Children with Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Abuse: A Nationwide Analysis of 10,965 Patients. Nurse Educ Pract. Anne LV and Chevignard M. Annals of Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine. July 2022. In the simplest terms, the retina is the lining of the inside of the eyes. van Zandwijk JP, Vester MEM, Bilo RA, van Rijn RR, Loeve AJ. May 2022. Trauma, Violence, & Abuse. When this happens, the brain can bounce back and forth against the skull which can cause bleeding, bruising, and swelling. Multi-modality imaging characteristics of costochondral fractures, a highly specific rib fracture for child abuse. Rapid MRI evaluation of acute intracranial hemorrhage in pediatric head trauma. Academic Pediatrics. Pediatric Rib Fractures Identified by Chest Radiography. Journal of Pediatrics. Transphyseal Distal Humeral Fractures: A 13-Times-Greater Risk of Non-Accidental Trauma Compared with Supracondylar Humeral Fractures in Children Less Than 3 Years of Age. Estimating the Relevance of Historical Red Flags in the Diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma. 25 baby deaths were recorded as homicide. Eismann, E.A., Theuerling, J., & Makoroff, K.L. . Why admitted cases of AHT make a low quality reference standard: A survey of people accused of AHT in France. Skin Lesions and Other Associated Findings in Children with Abusive Head Trauma, Ophthalmologic Concerns in Abusive Head Trauma, Subdural Hematoma Rebleeding in Relation to Abusive Head Trauma. Journal of Child Neurology. Narang SK, Fingarson A, Lukefahr J, and Council on Child Abuse a Neglect. Other injuries that can occur as a result of shaking are cerebral edema (brain swelling), cerebral contusions (brain bruises), external head bruises, body bruises, skull fractures, rib fractures, long bone fractures, neck and spinal cord damage, or other injuries that cannot be explained through a medical condition or accidental trauma. Septermber 2022. Snelling, P.J., Thanasingam, A.A., Jones, P., et al. Part II: a systematic review of mathematical and physical modelsPart II: a systematic review of mathematical and physical models. Milner, J.D., Hartnett, D.A., DeFroda, S.F., et al. The Challenge of Identifying Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Pediatric Emergency Care. Loos, M-L, van Rijn, R.R., Krug, E., et al. August 2022. Chang, H.Y., Chang, Y.C., Feng, J.Y., et al. Biomechanical Response of the Infant Head to Shaking: An Experimental Investigation. September 2020. [PubMed: 32241102] 30. Sornalingam K, Borman AD, and Ashworth J. June 2022. Patterns of Osteopontin Expression in Abusive Head Trauma Compared with Other Cases of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. Isaac, C.V., Cornelison, J.B., Devota, C.J., et al. Child Abuse Review. Overturned abusive head trauma and shaken baby syndrome convictions in the United States: Prevalence, legal basis, and medical evidence. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology. Annals of Emergency Medicine. Neurosurg Focus. The forces produced during a shaking episode may cause the layers of the retina to slide across each other creating stretching and shearing of the retinal vessels resulting in hemorrhages. Risk Factors for Child Maltreatment Fatalities in a National Pediatric Inpatient Database. Knox BL, Rorke-Adams LB, Luyet FM. In 2020, the infant mortality rate in the United States was 5.4 deaths per 1,000 live births. Oh A, Olson LD, & Chern JJ. Nocera M, Shanahan M, Murphy RA, Sullivan KM, Barr M, Price J, Zolotor A. Facts & Info. June 2020. Optical Coherence Tomography and Visual Outcomes in Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma. Multiple giant retinal tears due to inflicted injury in a neonate. April 2017 [Epub ahead of print]. November 2022. Narang SK, Paul SR. Pediatrics. Subdural Hematoma Rebleeding in Relation to Abusive Head Trauma. Deora, H., Mishra, Ajit, Gupta, R. Child's Nervous System. The Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery. Song, H.H., Thoreson, W.B., Dong, P., et al. The American Academy of Pediatrics. $13.5 Billion Cost to the U.S. in 2010. Rabbitt AL, Kelly TG, Yan K, et al. Child Abuse & Neglect. Child Abuse & Neglect. AlOmran, H.I., AlKharaan, Z.I., AlDawsari, K.M., et al. The Association of Low-Income Housing Tax Credit Units and Reports of Child Abuse and Neglect. Clinical Characteristics and Nonconvulsive Seizures in Young Children with Abusive Head Trauma, Nonaccidental Trauma is an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality Among Injured Infants, Identifying Child Abuse Fatalities During Infancy. Magnetic Resonance Imaging Findings in Infants with Severe Traumatic Brain Injury and Associations with Abusive Head Trauma. Porto, L., Bartles, M., Zwaschka, J., et al. July 2020. December 2015. Kennedy JM, Ma J, Lyden E, & Haney SB. Saunders D, Raissaki M, Servaes S, et al. Cowley LE, Maguire S, Farewell DM, et al. Journal of Pediatric Surgery. Leventhal JM, Asnes AG, Bechtel K. JAMA Pediatrics. Pediatric Radiology. The American Surgeon. Neonatal Abusive Head Trauma without External Injuries: Suspicion Improves Diagnosis. Shaken baby dies at 35: Court records indicate that Terry McKirchy lived in this Hollywood, Fla., home in July 1984, when she is accused of violently shaking 5-month-old Benjamin Dowling while . A Systematic Review. February 2020. August 2022. Utility of pediatric fast magnetic resonance imaging protocol as surveillance scanning for traumatic brain injury. Flugt, A.,Sndergaard, C., & Milidou, I. Danish Medical Journal. Throwing the baby out with the bath water - response to the Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU) report on traumatic shaking. Hahnemann, M.L., Kronsbein, K., Karger, B., et al. Judicial handling of cases of non-accidental head trauma in infants: Review and analysis of expert assessments. Long-term Impact of Abusive Head Trauma in Young Children: Outcomes at 5 and 11 Years Old. Hymel, K.P., Fingarson, A.K., Pierce, M.C., et al. The diagnostic performance of chest computed tomography in the detection of rib fractures in children investigated for suspected physical abuse: a systematic review and meta-analysis. In addition to giving us key information about maternal and infant health, the infant mortality rate is an important marker of the overall health of a society. January 2023. the baby will be considered a possible victim of shaken baby syndrome, a form of child abuse that involves the violent shaking of an infantAccording to Dr Kieran Moran, forensic paediatrician at Sydney Childrens Hospital, babies are victims of violent shaking mainly in their first year of life, as that is often when they cry inconsolably and when parents and carers become most frustrated. Identification of Initial and Subsequent Injury in Young Infants. Toma M, Dehesa-Baeza A, Chan-Akaley, et al. Are Complex Skull Fractures Indicative of Either Child Abuse or Major Trauma in the Era of 3-Dimensional Computed Tomography. Accidental and Abusive Mandible Fractures in Infants and Toddlers. American Journal of Neuroradiology. September 2020 [epub ahead of print]. International Journal of Child Maltreatment: Research, Policy and Practice. The Big Black Brain: Subdural Hemorrhage with Hemispheric Swelling and Low Attenuation. Bas, N.S., Karacan, M., Doruk, E., et al. C. Child's Nervous System. Seminars in Opthalmology. Pediatric Emergency Care. Archives de Pdiatrie. Journal of Pediatrics. October 2022. October 2021. Identifying Maltreatment in Infants and Young Children Presenting with Fractures: Does Age Matter? Intracranial Injury Among Children with Abuse-Related Long Bone Fractures. National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome1433 N 1075 W, Suite 110Farmington, Utah 84025, office: (801) 447-9360fax: (801)447-9364. emailProtector.addCloakedMailto("ep_8e621f37", 1); Sign up to receive news and updates about our efforts, Klevens J, Luo F, Xu L, Peterson C, Latzman NE. However, it is important to remember that it is never acceptable to shake, throw or hit a baby. January 2019. A Biomechanical Assessment of Shaken Baby Syndrome: What About the Spine? Head biomechanics of video recorded falls involving children in a childcare setting. Increased severity of abusive head trauma during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic. Child Abuse & Neglect. Cowley, L.E., & Adesman, A. Spies EL, Klevens J. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. May 2016. Effect of a Protocol to Reduce Radiographic Imaging in Pediatric Patients With Suspected Fractures. Zuccoli, G. Pediatric Radiology. Child Abuse & Neglect. Disparities in detection of suspected child abuse. Some children develop cerebral palsy or some continue to live in a persistent vegetative state. Evaluation of the Hypothesis that Choking/ALTE May Mimic Abusive Head Trauma. September 2021. Hymel KP, Lee G, Boos S, et al. Bone Development and Disease in Infants. Pediatrics. That's a rate of 36 . Pediatric Emergency Care. Ryan ME, Jaju A, Ciolino JD, Alden T. Neuroradiology. This 2-hour online course will help you better understand the dangers of abusive head trauma and how to take steps to protect the children in your care . Raoof N, Pereira S, Dai S, Neutze J, Grant CC, Kelly P. BMJ: Archives of Disease in Childhood. Hansen JB, Frazier T, Moffat M, et al. Neurochirurgie. Gjerde, H., & Mantagos, I.S. Today, the Children's Bureau at HHS' Administration for Children and Families (ACF) released the 31st Child Maltreatment Report. Risk of Traumatic Brain Injuries in Infants Younger than 3 Months With Minor Blunt Head Trauma. Prevalence, Patterns, and Clinical Relevance of Hypoxic-Ischemic Injuries in Children Exposed to Abusive Head Trauma, Advanced Cervical Spine Imaging in Abusive Head Trauma: An Update on Recent Literature and Future Directions, Eight-year outcome of implementation of abusive head trauma prevention, Racial and Ethic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma, The Eye Examination in the Evaluation of Child Abuse, Development of a Model of Hemispheric Hypodensity ("Big Black Brain"), Pathology of Permiacular Folds due to Vitreoretinal Traction in Abusive Head Trauma, The Big Black Brain: Subdural Hemorrhage with Hemispheric Swelling and Low Attenuation, Factors influencing child protection professionals' decision-making and multidiscliplinary collaboration in suspected abusive head trauma cases: A qualitative study, Acceptablity of the Predicting Abusive Head Trauma (PredAHT) clinical prediction tool: A qualitative study with child protection professionals, Combatting misinformation about abusive head trauma: AAP endorses new report, Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma (Shaken Baby Syndrome). January 2018 [epub ahead of print]. Universal Child Care as a Policy to Prevent Child Maltreatment. A systematic autopsy survey of human infant bridging veins. Shimoji, K., Suehiro, E., Matsuno, A., et al. MRI scans are used several days to a week after an injury to better diagnose the types of injuries to the brain and show changes in in the brain tissue. October 2020. April 2022. Shaken baby syndrome is used to explain a triad of injuries in children . Delteil C. Kolopp M, Torrents J, et al. Pediatric Neurosurgery. Pediatric Emergency Care. Inj Prev. Cervical Spine Imaging and Injuries in Young Children with Non-Motor Vehicle Crash-Associated Traumatic Brain Injury. The Journal of Pediatrics. Diagnostic Performance of Ultrafast Brain MRI for Evaluation of Abusive Head Trauma, Prevention of Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma: Time to Rethink Interventions and Reframe Messages. Modeling of inflicted head injury by shaking trauma in children: what can we learn? Pediatric Emergency Care. Identifying Child Abuse Fatalities During Infancy. Gunda D, Cornwell BO, Dahmoush HM. What happens to the brain during a shaking event? In Vivo Demonstration of Traumatic Rupture of the Bridging Veins in Abusive Head Trauma. Academic Pediatrics. Nonaccidental injury presenting as unilateral Retinal Detachment in two infants. Emergency Department Child Abuse Evaluations During COVID-19: A Multicenter Study. Nov. 2018. Morgan, E.A., Bahgat, R.S., & Dawood, B.M. Imaging and reporting considerations for suspected physical abuse (non-accidental injury) in infants and young children. Child's Nervous System. Catching the red eye: A retrospective review of factors associated with retinal hemorrhage in child physical abuse. Sakakihara, A., Masumoto, T., & Kurozawa, Y. April 2021. Child Abuse Review. The diagnosis and management of abusive head injuries in infancy in Egypt. April 2022. What happens to the eyes during a shaking event? January 2023. January 2019. Child Maltreatment. November 2021. Public Health. Effect of Educational Program on Mothers' Perception and Practices Regarding Crying and Shaken Infant Syndrome. June 2022. February 2020. Thackeray, J.D., Crichton, K.G., McPherson, P., et al. The role of household composition of children diagnosed with abusive head trauma. Common factors associated with increased risk of child abuse are often individual characteristics, substance abuse, and young age of the parent or caregivers; the age, health, physical, mental, emotional, and social development of the child; history of violence within the family structure; poverty and economic conditions, social attitudes, promotion of violence, and cultural norms of the community; lack of education and resources for the family. Pediatric Emergency Medicine. Validation of a Clinical Decision Rule to Predict Abuse in Young Children Based on Bruising Characteristics. Kim, H., Flowers, N., & Song, E.J. Pediatric Radiology. Increased Mortality in Very Young Children with Traumatic Brain Injury Due to Abuse: A Nationwide Analysis of 10,965 Patients. 2018. Catherine Adamsbaum, et al. To report abuse, call our Abuse Hotline at 1-800-252-5400. January 2020. Menna, G., Tamburrini, G., & Bianchi, F. Child's Nervous System. Course Information Abusive head trauma, which includes head injuries from child abuse such as Shaken Baby Syndrome, is the leading cause of death in cases of child abuse in the United States. Abusive Head Trauma through Shaking: Examination of the Perpetrators According to Dating of the Traumatic Event. This is the most comprehensive and complete consensus statement published to date. Child Abuse & Neglect. What is the outcome or prognosis of victims of Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma (SBS/AHT)? Nonaccidental Trauma is an Independent Risk Factor for Mortality Among Injured Infants. Traumatic head injury due to child maltreatment: epidemiology, cost analysis, and impact of prevention. Journal of Neurotrauma: 2017, Gary Hedlund & Lori Frasier. January 2022. June 2022. Inter-rater reliability of physical abuse determinations in young children with fractures. Underestimating isolated bilateral hygroma as non-accidental head injury with dramatic consequences: a case presentation. Diyaola, M., Ye, C., Huang, Z., et al. The "New Science" of Abusive Head Trauma. Abusive Head Trauma through Shaking: Examination of the Perpetrators According to Dating of the Traumatic Event. [Epub ahead of print]. Identification of Initial and Subsequent Injury in Young Infants. Evaluating abusive head trauma in children < 5years old: Risk factors and the importance of the social history. Neuropathology and Ophthalmological Pathology of Fatal Central Nervous System Injuries in Young Children: Forensic Neuropathology of Deaths of Children Under Age 2, 20082016, in Central Missouri. JAMA Network Open. January 2022. Canty, K.W., Feldman, K.W., Bartnik-Olson, B., et al. April 2022. Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is the unexplained death, usually during sleep, of a seemingly healthy baby less than a year old. Non-accidental head injury of infants: legal implications for the pediatric neurosurgeon. The American Academy of Pediatrics describes Shaken Baby Syndrome as: a term often used by physicians and the public to describe abusive head trauma inflicted on infants and young children. Patterns of Osteopontin Expression in Abusive Head Trauma Compared with Other Cases of Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury. September 2022. June 2019. Additionally, according to the American Academy of Neurology, babies have weak neck muscles and large, heavy heads and shaking makes their fragile brain bounce back and forth inside the skull. Reasonable suspicion in reporting child maltreatment: a survey among German healthcare professionals. Jalloul, R.J., Vigil, A., Chen, H.Y., et al. Risk Factors for Maltreatment in Siblings of Abused Children. January 2023. Cowley LE, Morris CB, Maguire SA, Farewell DM, Kemp AM. Long-Term Outcomes Associated with Traumatic Brain Injury in Childhood and Adolescence: A Nationwide Swedish Cohort Study of a Wide Range of Medical and Social Outcomes. Abusive head trauma in small children a single-centre experience in Finland. Sept 2016. May 2020. Narisawa, A., Nonaka, M., Akutsu, N., et al. Chest CT in the evaluation of child abuse When is it useful? Keywords: autopsy; death; shaken baby syndrome. Imaging findings in abusive head trauma (AHT). Hansen JB, Frazier T, Moffat M, Zinkus T, Anderst JD. Tanta Scientific Nursing Journal. Retina hemorrhages typically happen in both eyes (bilateral) but can also be unilateral (one eye). January 2022. May 2020. The hotline is toll-free 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. JAMA Pediatrics. Spinal lesions caused by abusive trauma in young children. Pediatric Emergency Care. van Rijn, R., Robben, S.G., Fronczek, J., et al. Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on child abuse and neglect: A cross-sectional study in a French Child Advocacy Center. This can cause pooled blood to push on the brain. Clinical Pediatrics. Trends in public interest in child abuse in the United States: An infodemiology study of Google Trends from 2004 to 2022. Exploring the Vitreoretinal Interface: a Key Instigator of Unique Retinal Hemorrhage Patterns in Pediatric Head Trauma. Prevalence, Patterns, and Clinical Relevance of Hypoxic-Ischemic Injuries in Children Exposed to Abusive Head Trauma. These are some of the most relevant research articles about Shaken Baby Syndrome/Abusive Head Trauma that will aid a lay person wanting to learn more about this form of child abuse. The medical and social outcomes in 2016 of infants who were victims of shaken baby syndrome between 2005 and 2013. Chen M, Barr RG, Miller E, et al. Benign extracerebral fluid collection complicated by subdural hematoma and fluid collection: clinical characteristics and management. Cervical spine imaging for young children with inflicted trauma: Expanding the injury pattern. The association between child maltreatment and sleep disturbances among preschoolers. An In-Depth Analysis of Brain and Spine Neuroimaging in Children with Abusive Head Trauma: Beyond the Classic Imaging Findings. Miller, D.C., Stacy, C.C., Duff, D.D., et al. Rabbitt, A.L., Olson, N.L., Niegl, M.N., et al. The second look was largely thanks to a 2013 state law, dubbed the "junk science law," which allows Texas courts to overturn a conviction when the scientific . SIDS rates vary substantially within racial/ethnic groups across . Kriss, S., Morris, J., & Martich, V. American Journal of Roentgenology. Abusive Head Trauma in Infants During the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Paris Metropolitan Area. JAMAOphthalmology. Early Diagnosis of Abusive Head Trauma to Avoid Repetitive Shaking Events. Wilson, R.F., Fortson, B.L., Zhou, H., et al. Expert Witness Participation in Civil and Criminal Proceedings. Narang SK. Lethal abusive head trauma in infancy in Denmark from 2000 to 2011. Zhang, S., Xu, Y., Hong, J.S., et al. Zolotor AJ, Runyan DK, Shanahan M, Durrance CP, Nocera M, Sullivan K, Klevens J, Murphy R, Barr M, Barr RG. A subdural hematoma, or hemorrhage, is usually caused by a head injury strong enough to burst blood vessels. Korean Journal of Ophthalmology. This includes death from shaken baby syndrome. SIDS is sometimes known as crib death because the infants often die in their cribs. [Epub ahead of print]. Zheng, C., Li, H., Rong, S., et al. Validation of the PredAHT-2 prediction tool for abusive head trauma. The neuroimaging mimics of abusive head trauma. Abusive Head Trauma in Child Maltreatment-Related Homicide Cases in the United States: An Analysis of the National Violent Death Reporting System Data- 20122017. Biomarkers in Moderate to Severe Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury-A Review of the Literature. Pfeifer, C.M., Henry M.K.,Car, M.M., et al. A child suspected of abusive head injury is referred by paediatricians to an ophthalmologist for evaluation. Utility of three-dimensional and reformatted head computed tomography images in the evaluation of pediatric abusive head trauma. February 2022. We'll bring in families of victims of abuse and victims themselves to discuss their stories, world experts in various medical fields to discuss current research and past experiences as well as other guests with legal and prevention backgrounds. In May 2018, The Society for Pediatric Radiology (SPR), European Society of Paediatric Radiology (ESPR), American Society of Pediatric Neuroradiology (ASPNR), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), European Society of Neuroradiology (ESNR), American Professional Society on the Abuse of Children (APSAC), Swedish Paediatric Society, Norwegian Pediatric Association and Japanese Pediatric Society published a joint consensus statement on abusive head trauma/shaken baby syndrome. Injury. Pediatric Emergency Care. June 2022. Hendrix AD, Conway LK, & Baxter MA. Sat 18 Sep 2021 16.00 EDT Last modified on Sat 18 Sep 2021 16.01 EDT. The neuroimaging mimics of abusive head trauma. Sept. 2018. November 2021. Child Abuse, a Post-mortem Forensic Perspective. Paid Family Leave: An Upstream Intervention to Prevent Family Violence. Joyce T and Huecker MR. StatPearls. Warner N, McCans KM, Levin AV. November 2015. Risk Factors for Maltreatment in Siblings of Abused Children. About 3,500 babies die of SIDS each year. Rebbe R, Mienko JA, & Martinson ML. Imaging and reporting considerations for suspected physical abuse (non-accidental injury) in infants and young children. Child Abuse & Neglect. Association of a Postnatal Parent Education Program for Abusive Head Trauma With Subsequent Pediatric Abusive Head Trauma Hospitalizaton Rates. June 2021. Kymel KP, Wang M, Chinchilli VM, et all. December 2017. Pediatric Neurosurgery. Ashraf, I.J., Ackley, F., Razawich, D., et al. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Oncology. When a child is violently shaken, the eyeball and its contents move back and forth in many different directions within the eye socket. With approximately 1,300 cases of shaken baby syndrome reported each year in the US, it's the leading cause of physical child abuse deaths in this country. Bartschat S1, Richter C2, Stiller D2, Banschak S3. The Journal of Pediatrics. Shah, Y.S., Iftikhar, M., Justin G.A., et al. Journal of Forensic Science. December 2022. February 2021. Journal of Pediatrics. July 2018. Journal of Neuroimaging. Most skull fractures can be best shown with an X-ray. A cluster randomized trial to reduce missed abusive head trauma in pediatric intensive care settings. Racial and Ethic Disparities and Bias in the Evaluation and Reporting of Abusive Head Trauma. January 2020. Salokorpi, N., Sinikumpu, J.J., & Serlo, W. Child's Nervous System. Narang, S.K., Sachdev, K.K., Bertocci, K., et al. The lag time between the movement of the skull and the brain creates stress and tearing of blood vessels. Is never acceptable to shake, throw or hit a baby carrier fall to... About the Spine as surveillance scanning for Traumatic Brain injury, n.l., Niegl, M.N., et al,., Z.I., AlDawsari, K.M., et al American Journal of Health... K., et al, Duff, D.D., et al 16.01 EDT Hedlund & Lori Frasier Price,... Child Advocacy Center Murphy RA, van Rijn, R. Child 's Nervous.! 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