This is a photo of Brigham Young and his brothers taken in the 1860s by C.R. Young was not complicit in planning or executing the massacre. Both authors quote a 5-year-old survivor who told a reporter two years after the event, ''My father was killed by Indians; when they washed their faces, they were white men.'' Youngs fiery discourses calling for blood and vengeance, his encouragement of Indian attacks on wagon trains and the lies he told to cover up the crime all show he was intimately involved in fomenting a vicious act of vengeance. Hiding Rockwells role in expressing Eleanor to Utah from my late friend Hal was evidence that had been carefully suppressed. Tragically, Youngs letter arrived two days after the massacre, despite one of the epic rides in Western history. Though Bridger helped the Mormons find their way to the Salt Lake Valley, Young suspected him of inciting Indian attacks on Mormon settlements and of spying on the Mormons for the U.S. government, which was somewhat threatened by the . James H. Haslam, interview by S. A. Kenner, reported by Josiah Rogerson, 4 December 1884, typescript, 11, in Josiah Rogerson, Transcripts and Notes of John D. Lee Trials, LDS Church Archives. But rumors of a church-sponsored cover-up persisted. The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints -- the Mormon church -- has steadfastly denied responsibility, first blaming Indians and later a rogue church official for the crime. For the decade prior the emigrants' arrival, Utah Territory had existed essentially as a theocracy led by Brigham Young. Despite the influences of a strict, moralistic family and being exposed to the religious fervor that . What are the disadvantages of shielding a thermometer? As of early 1842, Brigham Young was a contented monogamist. [18], Some time after Lee's meeting with Young, Jacob Hamblin said that he had heard a detailed description of the massacre and Mormon involvement from Lee and that Hamblin had reported it to Young and George A. Smith soon after the massacre. Phineas Young was a printer; building contractor; and Mormon bishop, missionary, and pioneer. One of the . Scope and Contents. Brigham Young to Isaac C. Haight, 10 September 1857, Letterpress Copybook 3:82728, Brigham Young Office Files, LDS Church Archives. The boy was just 8 years old when he said Oneal, his father, attacked him after murdering his mom and 9-year-old sister. Bottom line: Yes, Brigham Young was clearly a racist. "If we only looked at what Brigham Young said in 1845, we would miss . Brigham Young and His Wives. Savage. The winners of the Church History Museums 12th International Art Competition have been announced, and the artwork is breathtaking. Rodriguez, of Henderson, Nev., allegedly stabbed her 6-year-old son 25 times as he called 911 for help. ''There are very candid statements on the part of participants to a church official under the agreement of confidentiality,'' Mr. Turley said, adding that the file, along with other sources he and his co-authors were using, would be made public once their book was published. Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March.Julius Caesar was stabbed to death on the ides of March. He once said to his brother Brigham, "There is not a Bible Christian in the world; what will become of the people?". Federal investigators suspected Brigham Young of having had a hand in the crime but failed to produce sufficient evidence to convict him. [9] In Utah Territory, Young worked as a printer, saddler and contractor.[10]. But now, a new book, which has been a bestseller in Utah since it appeared last summer, claims the massacre was ordered by Mormon Prophet Brigham Young. EastIdahoNews.com, LLC. In 1840 Brigham Young traveled to England, where he took charge of missionary efforts, supervising the dramatic growth of Mormonism in that country. Nor did Pratts death stir blood lust. It was made manifest to me, he recorded and is published in Lorenzo Dow Youngs Preparation for the Gospel on ourlittlecircle.com, that the Savior was in the carriage, and that it was driven by his servant. After this attack, Smiths successor, Brigham Young, led the Mormons West. Stubborn and determined, he kept riding until he reached the home of a friend. Like. For instance, Joseph Smith was once attacked by an apostate from the Church, William Law, who "attempted to kill Joseph and fired a pistol at him six times at close range. Lee was arrested on November 7, 1874. By early 1857 the Mormons were stockpiling weapons, and all but one of the federal judges and officers overseeing Indian affairs in the territory had fled, fearing for their safety. It is at this point in the confrontation that the first officer loses his weapon to Rodriguez. In 1835, the Three Witnesses selected Young as one of the inaugural members of the Quorum of the Twelve. Two of the southernmost establishments were Parowan and Cedar City, led respectively by stake presidents William H. Dame and Isaac C. Haight. NYC woman fatally stabbed, son in custody. Police told the website Risner ran from officers while they were trying to take him into custody. '', That conclusion is vigorously disputed by three Mormon church historians, who vow their own history of the massacre, to be published by Oxford University Press in 2004, will exonerate Young. [25][26] Prior to his execution, Lee claimed that he was a scapegoat for others involved: I have always believed, since that day, that General George A. Smith was then visiting Southern Utah to prepare the people for the work of exterminating Captain Fancher's train of emigrants, and I now believe that he was sent for that purpose by the direct command of Brigham Young. All Rights Reserved, The remarkable brothers of the Prophet Brigham Young, Lorenzo Dow Youngs Preparation for the Gospel, How Orrin Hatch protected people of faith, KSL Newsradio is preparing to celebrate its 100th anniversary. She demanded Mormon authorities listen to the cry of his blood and take swift vengeance against the Fancher train, which had left Arkansas long before Pratt was killed. Brigham Young tags: inspirational, insult, rage. ''He was an absolute dictator,'' she said. Militia orders to the Mormon army carried Youngs words on the reverse: Shed no blood., When the books are opened in the day of judgment, declared an associate who was at his side in 1857, these things will be proven to heaven and earth.. Lee was tried twice for murder (he was convicted the second time) and executed in 1877. Joe . They were a rejoicing family, a dancing family and a singing family. Young read the Bible verse the soldiers had inscribed on a cedar cross atop the monument: Vengeance is mine, saith the Lord., It should read, he said, Vengeance is mine, and I have taken a little. Young then directed the desecration of the grave. While it's clear that the Lord's prophets have often been preserved to perform sacred works, it is also clear that these near-death experiences provided Brigham Young with unparalleled insight into the nature of the spirit world. [7], After Joseph Smith was killed in 1844, Young joined the majority of Latter Day Saints in accepting the leadership of Brigham Young and the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles. The facts are these: Young spoke out against revenge killings. Young won the leadership and Strang was considered a heretic and excommunicated from the Mormon Church. Brigham Young never was fully reimbursed for the money he paid out to workers. Many of the wives to whom Young were sealed were widows or elderly women for whom he merely cared or gave the protection of his name. Jalelah Abu Baker. No credible evidence exists that Young wanted the massacre. What ever happened to Big Minnie of Tombstone? The Mountain Meadows Massacre victimized several groups of emigrants from the northwestern Arkansas region who had started their treks to California in early 1857, joining along the way and becoming known as the BakerFancher party. He sublet the job to other contractors who completed the work in February 1869. A longer video of the interaction shows Joe Biden was comforting his grandson, Robert Hunter Biden II, at Beau Biden's funeral. Historians still debate the autonomy and precise roles of local Cedar City LDS Church officials in ordering the massacre and Young's concealing of evidence in its aftermath. He was the ninth of eleven children, growing up in an unsettled frontier environment characterized by frequent family moves to various communities throughout upstate New York. 295 likes All Members Who Liked This Quote . ''There is no evidence the Indians had weapons required for a slaughter of this magnitude,'' she said. Once, when returning to his ranch on the Jordan River, he was mistakenly taken as a thief, shot at and wounded in the arm, where the main artery was severed. Brigham Young ( /brm/; June 1, 1801 - August 29, 1877) was an American leader in the Latter Day Saint movement and a settler of the Western United States. But we only make the tragedy worse by saying that it was something other than what it wasby trying to fit events into a pre-conceived theory of conspiracy. Logically, the idea of ordering a massacre as 2,500 U.S. troops marched upon Salt Lake City is absurd. Phineas Young was an older brother of Brigham Young, who was the president of the LDS Church and the first governor of the Territory of Utah. He also has photos on Instagram from his Latter-day Saint mission, and a May 2019 picture shows him and Davis holding seminary graduation certificates together. But neither author uncovered written proof that Young had ordered the massacre. Are there books about other independent women of the early West? not to spare horseflesh. He didnt. But its not a formula for good history. Though obviously guilty of murder, Lee was the crime's scapegoat, not instigator, the authors argue, and the Indians had little to do with it. At the time of his death on August 23, 1877, Young had married 56 women-19 predeceased him, 10 divorced him, 23 survived him, and 4 are unaccounted for. These young men were thoughtful, and their spirits were not afraid to embrace truth when they encountered it. Risner is expected to appear in court on the charges this week. Glendower's troops are not ready. Lorenzos wife, Harriet, bore a baby son two months after their arrival in the Salt Lake Valley, the first pioneer male child to be born in that wilderness (see The Faithful Young Family"). In a confession made just before he was executed, Lee, the only person ever tried for the crime, blamed the Paiute Indians. [4] By 1841 he had relocated to Nauvoo. "This evening I am with my wife a lone by my fire side for the first time for years," Young wrote in his diary in January 1842. John presided over the first group he led. Before any of these events, which were instrumental in drawing the brothers to the truth, the youngest son, Lorenzo, at the young age of 9 years, experienced an extraordinary and prophetic dream. [8] This letter has yet to be found,[9] but accounts say that it asked Young what, if anything, should be done with the BakerFancher party camped at nearby Mountain Meadows. We will always love him and miss him, Randy Davis, Davis father, wrote in a Facebook post Monday. A murder suspect accused of shooting his girlfriend, axing his 9-year-old daughter in the head, then stabbing and lighting his son on fire cross-examined the 11-year-old survivor Wednesday in a jaw-dropping courtroom scene. Many Mormons -- particularly in southern Utah -- left the church over the incident. Of the 23 who survived him, 17 received a share of his estate while the remaining 6 apparently had non conjugal roles. I commenced and read every word in the book in the same week," he recorded and is recounted in The Faithful Young Family." [11] After his rest, Haslam picked up the reply from Young and was instructed to return to Cedar City with the letter quickly and not to "spare horseflesh."[11]. Mormon historian Juanita Brooks believes that the letter demonstrates that Young "did not order the massacre, and would have prevented it if he could. Lee was shot by five United States soldiers . Union Pacific . Rather than provide them with what they wanted, Lee chose to die like a man then [than] to live a villain.. In 1844, after the assassination of Mormon leader Joseph Smith by an angry mob in Illinois, the Mormons choose Brigham Young as their new leader and follow him to a new promised land in Utah. (22-36, 43-45) The rebels divide the kingdom, but we already see signs that the plan is falling apart. But despite two trials, one execution and many official investigations, the event -- known as the Mountain Meadows massacre -- remains shrouded in mystery and rumor. There are two ways to interpret the evidence about who ordered the brutal murder of 120 men, women and children at a remote Utah oasis on the road to California on September 11, 1857. Young was too cleverand too religiously devoutto have destroyed the emigrants and thus irreparably harm the reputation of his people. But do we know what awaits us after this life? Pratt had been murdered in Arkansas, where the Baker-Fancher party had its origin. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. He initially refused any such payments, a move that landed him in jail for a . Hell on Wheels is fiction based on history. Friends Who Liked This Quote. In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. The events at Mountain Meadows do not suggest a conspiracy, and certainly none involving Young. Beau's son was 9 years old at the time of his father's death. The great historian Harold Schindler spent 40 years learning everything there was to know about Orrin Porter Rockwell, Man of God/Son of Thunder (the title of his definitive biography). Americans enjoy a good mystery, and they like conspiracies. As one of John D. Lees wives put it, The Mormons were so insulted and indignant over the death or murder of Pratt that they Raked untold Vengeance on the poor Emigrants.. Even on the day of the slaughter, couriers were reportedly hurrying from Cedar City30 miles to the eastto call it off. On April 15, 1832, Young and his brother John were baptized into the Latter Day Saint Church of Christ. It had only been two weeks since the brazen attack on March 18, 2018, when Ronnie's father, Ronnie Oneal III, killed his girlfriend, Kenyatta Barron Ronnie's mother and his 9-year-old . Source: Jeffery Ogden Johnson, Determining and Defining `Wife: The Brigham Young Households, Dialogue: A Journal of Mormon Thought, Vol. Anyone can read what you share. The latter is filed in sequential order in Youngs well-preserved and bound letter books. Brigham Young even served as president. Young was born in Hopkinton, Massachusetts, the seventh child of John Young and Abigail Howe. And, as a home missionary he administered to the sick, the needy, the spiritually weak, spreading love, light and encouragement wherever he went, according to The Faithful Young Family.". Early on a Monday morning in September 1857, about 140 men, women and children on a California-bound wagon train were slaughtered under a flag of truce by Mormons who apparently considered the act . Somehow he had the presence of mind to send this Brother Daniels to another, Brother Jeremy, who lived close by. Some settlers, the story goes, believed the pioneers had been involved in the murder of Parley Pratt, a popular Mormon apostle, in western Arkansas earlier that year. President Brigham Young's signature on a contract with the Union Pacific Railroad. They were murdered by a small Mormon militia and its Indian allies in a horrible ploy: after a four-day gun battle with their attackers, the pioneers accepted a truce that turned out to be a deadly lie. For the desperately poor Mormon settlers in southern Utah, the Fancher party, with its hefty supply of cash, arms and hundreds of valuable horses and cattle, was simply irresistible. Phineas Howe Young (also found as Phinehas) (February 16, 1799 - October 10, 1879) was a prominent early convert in the Latter Day Saint movement and was later a Mormon pioneer and a missionary for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). On that march Joseph Smith taught Brigham Young how to lead men. The main artery was cut above the elbow, and but for this timely relief I should have bled to death (see "History of Utah, Vol 4" by Orson Ferguson Whitney). On Sept. 11, 1857, a group of California-bound pioneers camping in southern Utah were murdered by a Mormon militia and its Indian allies. Matters have & are being delayed with design of Cohearce [to coerce] me to Make a statement beyond what I know, he wrote in his diary. In this case, the "real message" would have been that the Indians should be left to "do as they please." [2] Shortly after their baptisms, Phineas Young and Joseph Young became ordained elders in the church began preaching as missionaries in New York and Upper Canada. The family the Lord had put his hand upon did not fail. the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Comprehensive History of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phineas_Young&oldid=1133790119, American Mormon missionaries in the United States, American leaders of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, Latter Day Saint biography Infobox with missing parameters, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 15 January 2023, at 14:54. Brigham Young desperately wanted to claim the region as the promised land for the persecuted Mormon people. [5] It is unclear whether Young held this view because of a possible belief that this specific group posed a threat to colonists or that they were responsible for past crimes against Mormons. Typewritten biography of Phineas Howe Young (1799-1880) by his granddaughters Eleanor White Mackay, Seraph White Allred, and Naomi Wright. [10] After delivering the letter to Young, Haslam was told to rest for a few hours then return to pick up the reply. Smith sold Young a copy of the Book of Mormon and told him that it had been translated from ancient records by his brother Joseph Smith. Brigham Young first became involved with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints around 1830, according to PBS, very soon after the religion was created by Joseph Smith.The Church of LDS is a form of Christianity, but with additional beliefs, including that the Book of Mormon is a holy book and that the church founder, Joseph Smith, was a prophet sent by God, according to History. His brother Joseph was baptized the next day and Brigham Young was baptized approximately one week later. During the period just before the massacre, known as the Mormon Reformation, Mormon teachings were dramatic and strident. . This answer reflects the complicated nature in the definition of plural wife. As to the number of wives with whom it is known that he had conjugal relations, sixteen wives bore him 57 children (46 of whom grew to maturity). He tells of a singular experience he had when he was visiting a young woman who was dying of consumption, the same dreaded malady of which his mother had died. When polygamy was a part of Mormon culture, there were different types of marriages or sealings.. He felt, he said later, "as tho my head wo [ul]d crack.". [12], However, by the time that the express rider delivered Young's letter to Haight, the massacre at Mountain Meadows had already taken place. The evidence has been so corruptedsuppressed, destroyed, and fabricatedits hard to determine the date the murders took place, let alone trace all the ins and outs of the conspiracy behind the crime. Susa, Brighams daughter, wrote of her father: He fostered and encouraged the study and practice of music, not only in his own family, but among the people (see Life Story of Brigham Young," by Susa Young Gates and Leah D. Widtsoe). In 1857, at the time of the Mountain Meadows Massacre, Brigham Young, was serving as President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and as Governor of Utah Territory. Brigham Young chose twenty-year-old Lucy Ann Decker Seeley for his first plural wife, and they were married by Joseph Smith on 17 June 1842. "What I'm hoping for is to close this chapter, is to . "In my eyes, this is a gross miscarriage of justice. "If you wish to get rich, save what you get. 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