What is the best statement about your choice of a microcontroller for the project? Created by Presper Eckert and John Mauchly -- designers of the earlier ENIAC computer -- the Univac 1 used 5,200 vacuum tubes and weighed 29,000 pounds. VisiCalc was released in 1979 and quickly became a must-have tool for business users. The PowerBook 100 was the entry-level machine, while the PowerBook 140 was more powerful and had a larger memory. This high performance processor found its place in powerful work stations intended for graphics-intensive programs common in engineering. The LINC is an early and important example of a personal computer, that is, a computer designed for only one user. What is a prominent research finding regarding students who engage in computer programming activities? While larger than the previous G4 towers, the G5 had comparatively limited space for expansion. The 2116A also marked HP's first use of integrated circuits in a commercial product. MITS co-founder Ed Roberts invented the Altair 8800 which sold for $297, or $395 with a case and coined the term personal computer. Wang was a successful calculator manufacturer, then a successful word processor company. Curt Herzstark was an Austrian engineer who worked in his familys manufacturing business until he was arrested by the Nazis in 1943. An offshoot of the POWER XCell8i chip was used as the main processor in the Sony PlayStation 3 game console. Franklin was able to undercut Apple's pricing even while offering some features not available on the original. While many early digital computers were based on similar designs, such as the IAS and its copies, others are unique designs, like the CSIRAC. The machines existence was not made public until the 1970s. By the mid-1960s, nearly half of all computers in the world were IBM 1401s. The laser printer was used with PARCs Alto computer, and was commercialized as the Xerox 9700. A joint project of Englands Manchester University, Ferranti Computers, and Plessey, Atlas comes online nine years after Manchesters computer lab begins exploring transistor technology. Which kind of software is required to edit a movie from filmed video footage? The British Broadcasting Corporations Computer Literacy Project hoped to introduce interested adults to the world of computers. Acorn produces a popular computer, the BBC Microcomputer System, so viewers at home could follow along on their own home computers as they watched the program. Plans for the Mark-8 cost $5 and the blank circuit boards were available for $50. Microcomputers for Twenty-First Century Educators (Paperback, 4th ed) / Author: Lockard / Author: Abrams / Author: "Many ; 9780673524560 ; Educational resources & technology, Education, Social sciences, Books The machines were used by the Chinese Academy of Sciences to run massive solar energy simulations, as well as some of the most complex molecular studies ever undertaken. Scelbi aimed the 8H, available both in kit form and fully assembled, at scientific, electronic, and biological applications. The system was kept at NASA Ames Research Center until 2013, when it was removed to make way for two new supercomputers. Steve Jobs, forced out of Apple in 1985, founds a new company NeXT. Twenty-five ways in which MIT has transformed computing The Micral N was the first in the series and was produced by the company R2E. Chapter 4 Flashcards | Quizlet False Drivers are used to communicate with peripheral devices such as monitors, printers, and keyboards. What is a key technological infrastructure resource for online teaching? Later, Sun Microsystems, founded as a spin-off of a student project at Stanford University, also began selling Unix-based desktop workstations in 1982. The Nest Learning Thermostat is an early product made for the emerging Internet of Things, which envisages a world in which common everyday devices have network connectivity and can exchange information or be controlled. MOS 6502 ad from IEEE Computer, Sept. 1975. ENIAC used panel-to-panel wiring and switches for programming, occupied more than 1,000 square feet, used about 18,000 vacuum tubes and weighed 30 tons. CHAPTER 1 questions & answers for quizzes and worksheets - Quizizz By the early 1990s, Dell became one of the leading computer retailers. After the war, Herzstarks Curta made history as the smallest all-mechanical, four-function calculator ever built. microcomputer: A microcomputer is a complete computer on a smaller scale and is generally a synonym for the more common term, personal computer or PC , a computer designed for an individual. When connected to a color television set, the Apple II produced brilliant color graphics for the time. Reduced instruction set computers (RISC) grow out of the observation that the simplest 20 percent of a computers instruction set does 80 percent of the work. A commercial version of Alan Turing's Pilot ACE, called DEUCEthe Digital Electronic Universal Computing Engine -- is used mostly for science and engineering problems and a few commercial applications. During World War II, the US Navy approaches the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) about building a flight simulator to train bomber crews. Under the direction of engineer Dr. Paul Friedl, the Special Computer APL Machine Portable (SCAMP) personal computer prototype is developed at IBM's Los Gatos and Palo Alto, California laboratories. Microsoft MS-DOS early source code - CHM It was believed that ENIAC had done more calculation over the ten years it was in operation than all of humanity had until that time. The DN100 is based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor, high-resolution display and built-in networking - the three basic features of all workstations. The 2116A is HPs first computer. Apple gave away thousands of Apple IIs to school, giving a new generation their first access to personal computers. Doug Ross wrote a memo advocating direct access in February. SABRE is a joint project between American Airlines and IBM. Univac computers were used in many different applications but utilities, insurance companies and the US military were major customers. That goes back thousands of years, of course, and you can guess how they did it. Beginning with the VAX-11/780, the Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX family of computers rivals much more expensive mainframe computers in performance and features the ability to address over 4 GB of virtual memory, hundreds of times the capacity of most minicomputers. Hewlett and Packard in their garage workshop. IBMs 7000 series of mainframe computers are the companys first to use transistors. Approximately 90 percent of PCs run some version of Windows. Hungarian-born von Neumann demonstrated prodigious expertise in hydrodynamics, ballistics, meteorology, game theory, statistics, and the use of mechanical devices for computation. What type of integration strategy is a teacher using when she has her students link up with local writers who critique the students' stories and email them feedback before their work is finalized and posted online? Which of the following has research shown to be a benefit of online learning? Ed Colligan, Donna Dubinsky, and Jeff Hawkins. In 1984, Michael Dell creates PC's Limited while still a student of the University of Texas at Austin. The NBS also built the Standards Western Automatic Computer (SWAC) at the Institute for Numerical Analysis on the UCLA campus. It was the first microcomputer to sell in large numbers. What is a distinguishing feature of instructional software? The boss wants it to have a complex user interface with a time display, touch panel buttons and accurate timing for the toast cycle. What type of software allows teachers and students in different locations to use it to create, edit, and share documents at the same time over the Internet? The Z3, an early computer built by German engineer Konrad Zuse working in complete isolation from developments elsewhere, uses 2,300 relays, performs floating point binary arithmetic, and has a 22-bit word length. Term. . Palm could be connected to a PC or Mac using a serial port to synchronize sync both computer and Palm. The PC Jr. is marketed as a home computer but is too expensive and limited in performance to compete with many of the other machines in that market. _____ account allows changes that affect other users, changes to security settings, installation of software and hardware, and access to all files on the computer. What software was the first available for microcomputers? These tools take over the task of doing arithmetic functions so that students can focus on higher level mathematics concepts Spreadsheet This software is sometimes credited with starting the "microcomputer revolution" in schools, since it was the first software package available for home computers. The PDP-8 sold for $18,000, one-fifth the price of a small IBM System/360 mainframe. What type of online learning is used the least in K-12 educational contexts? The first offering to the public required the buyer to purchase one to be given to a child in the developing world as a condition of acquiring a machine for themselves. Kilburn (left) and Williams in front of 'Baby'. Built by IBM using their Blue Gene/Q supercomputer architecture, the Sequoia system is the world's fastest supercomputer in 2012. The replica is currently on display at the Computer History Museum. What do research studies tend to confirm about online learning? CS 130.132 - Microcomputer Software The PROMs contained a disk operating system, allowing. Designed by British engineer Tommy Flowers, the Colossus is designed to break the complex Lorenz ciphers used by the Nazis during World War II. Designed by Don Lancaster, the TV Typewriter is an easy-to-build kit that can display alphanumeric information on an ordinary television set. What is the Internet standard for how web pages are formatted and displayed? When was the word "computer" first used? T/F False Storage on a mobile device is usually an SSD (Solid-state drive). So in 1971, Starkweather transferred to Xerox Palo Alto Research Center (PARC), away from corporate oversight. Dell dropped out of school to focus on his business and in 1985, the company produced the first computer of its own design, the Turbo PC, which sold for $795. Apple introduces the Macintosh with a television commercial during the 1984 Super Bowl, which plays on the theme of totalitarianism in George Orwells book 1984. Answer: . Its large scope intrigued early hackers at MIT, who wrote the first computerized video game, SpaceWar!, as well as programs to play music. Apple had initially included a handle in their Macintosh computers to encourage users to take their Macs on the go, though not until five years after the initial introduction does Apple introduce a true portable computer. False Mathematician George Stibitz recommends using a relay-based calculator for the project. OPENSTEP was used as one of the foundations for the new Mac OS operating system soon after NeXT was acquired by Apple in 1996. This very small home computer is available in the UK as a kit for 79 or pre-assembled for 99. The Programma 101 could do addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division, as well as calculate square roots. Stibitz stunned the group by performing calculations remotely on the CNC (located in New York City) using a Teletype terminal connected to New York over special telephone lines. Columbia Supercomputer system made up of SGI Altix. Which of the following is not one of the kinds of interaction that Moore said characterized online courses? True False Bruce Artwick - Wikipedia The mill is still in use today as an office park (Clock Tower Place) today. The militarys high standards for its transistors pushed manufacturers to improve quality control. It had 32 KB of memory and sold for $8,000. Computer-enhanced image of IBMs Roadrunner. Each processor had its own small memory linked with others through a flexible network that users altered by reprogramming rather than rewiring. -The Massive Open Online Course (M O O C). Northrop was initially reluctant to make MADDIDA a commercial product, but by the end of 1952, six had sold. A Brief History of the Microcomputer - TurboFuture Until the year 2000, it was the world's fastest supercomputer, able to achieve peak performance of 1.3 teraflops, (about 1.3 trillion calculations per second). false. The Canadian Chalk River Nuclear Lab needed a special device to monitor a reactor. Gates and Allen started Microsoftoriginally called Micro-Soft, for microprocessors and. IBMs initial investment of $5 billion was quickly returned as orders for the system climbed to 1,000 per month within two years. The Macintosh Portable was heavy, weighing sixteen pounds, and expensive (US$6,500). OS/2 was the first advanced GUI operating system for Intel-based microcomputers, and has been around for a few years. Chapter 1 Flashcards | Quizlet Weighing 24 pounds and costing $1,795, the Osborne 1 is the first mass-produced portable computer. Built as an electro-mechanical means of decrypting Nazi ENIGMA-based military communications during World War II, the British Bombe is conceived of by computer pioneer Alan Turing and Harold Keen of the British Tabulating Machine Company. It used $120 worth of electronics components, as outlined in the September 1973 issue of hobbyist magazine Radio Electronics. Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1. HP Netserver LM, one of the first to use Intel's Pentium. For research, Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) supplied the components, and 50 original LINCs were made. It was the world's first commercial 16-bit minicomputer and 172 systems were sold. With a distinctive anodized aluminum case, and hailed as the first true 64-bit personal computer, the Apple G5 is the most powerful Macintosh ever released to that point. Oddly, the company doesn't use the term in its marketing, preferring instead to refer to the microcomputer (which it calls a "Micom") that implements the fuzzy logic. refers to symbols that represent fast objects and ideas. IBM Selective Sequence Electronic Calculator (SSEC). The 48-bit machine used 92 point-contact transistors and 550 diodes. Millions of Apple IIs were sold between 1977 and 1993, making it one of the longest-lived lines of personal computers. Incorporating a version of Apple's iOS operating system, as well as sensors for environmental and health monitoring, the Apple Watch was designed to be incorporated into the Apple environment with compatibility with iPhones and Mac Books. A large parallel processing computer, the ILLIAC IV does not operate until 1972. The Lisa ran on a Motorola 68000 microprocessor and came equipped with 1 MB of RAM, a 12-inch black-and-white monitor, dual 5.25-inch floppy disk drives and a 5 MB Profile hard drive. Lisa is the first commercial personal computer with a graphical user interface (GUI). These are the two categories people usually use to describe tutorial software functions. The machine was expandable, with ports for cassette storage, serial interface and rudimentary networking. An electronic machine operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can: 1. microcomputer, an electronic device with a microprocessor as its central processing unit (CPU). The first microcomputer was the Intel 4004, introduced in 1971. The company was incorporated by three 26-year-old Stanford alumni: Bechtolsheim, Vinod Khosla and Scott McNealy. Computers | Timeline of Computer History | Computer History Museum Built by a team led by engineers Frederick Williams and Tom Kilburn, the Mark I serves as the prototype for Ferrantis first computer the Ferranti Mark 1. After the success of the PET, Commodore remained a major player in the personal computer market into the 1990s. the _____ screen is the first screen displayed. A full-scale working replica of the ABC was completed in 1997, proving that the ABC machine functioned as Atanasoff had claimed. In 1973, after selling only 40 machines, Kenbak Corporation closed its doors. News of the groundbreaking electronic ENIAC computer that same year inspired the group to change course and attempt a digital solution, whereby flight variables could be rapidly programmed in software. Linux - Wikipedia Astronauts communicated with the computer by punching two-digit codes into the display and keyboard unit (DSKY). Tracks on the drum did the mathematical integration. The LINC was later commercialized by DEC and sold as the LINC-8. A later version of that machine became the PDP-8, the first commercially successful minicomputer. Microcomputer Applications - Quiz 1 Flashcards Software What set the 486 apart was its optimized instruction set, with an on-chip unified instruction and data cache and an optional on-chip floating-point unit. The Baby was built to test a new memory technology developed by Williams and Kilburn -- soon known as the Williams Tube which was the first high-speed electronic random access memory for computers. The typical PDP-1 computer system, which sells for about $120,000, includes a cathode ray tube graphic display, paper tape input/output, needs no air conditioning and requires only one operator; all of which become standards for minicomputers. microcomputer Flashcards | Quizlet The Macintosh was the first successful mouse-driven computer with a graphical user interface and was based on the Motorola 68000 microprocessor. Which of the following is not a benefit offered by simulations? The 6600 retained the distinction of being the fastest computer in the world until surpassed by its successor, the CDC 7600, in 1968. Quizlet is the only app you need to study and learn. Title card- BBCs The Computer Programme. Which of the following is not a significant challenge in regard to assessing students who are English language learners (ELLs)? System/360 is a major event in the history of computing. Their first program, consisting of seventeen instructions and written by Kilburn, ran on June 21st, 1948. Chapter 1 Microcomputer Applications Exam Flashcards | Quizlet You are designing a controller for a toaster oven. Originally a joint project with IBM and Microsoft, OS/2 is know maintained by IBM, and was a competitive product to the various MS Windows programs. True The term DBMS is used in reference to spreadsheet software. One biblical scholar even used a Univac 1 to compile a concordance to the King James version of the Bible. Microcomputers for Twenty-First Century Educators (Paperback, 4th ed The Alto is a groundbreaking computer with wide influence on the computer industry. The astronauts were responsible for entering more than 10,000 commands into the AGC for each trip between Earth and the Moon. That same year in Germany, engineer Konrad Zuse built his Z2 computer, also using telephone company relays. The Mark 1 produced mathematical tables but was soon superseded by electronic stored-program computers. A cassette tape interface provided supplementary storage for text. Five times faster than its predecessor, the 8008, the Intel 8080 could address four times as many bytes for a total of 64 kilobytes. What do sites such as edshelf, Learning List, What Works Clearinghouse, EdSurge Product Index, and Common Sense Education help teachers with? An ecologist, for example, could sprinkle thousands of motes from the air onto a field and measure soil and air temperature, moisture, and sunlight, giving them accurate real-time data about the environment. Arduino soon became the main computer platform of the worldwide Maker movement. Which of the following is one strategy often used in online courses to ensure academic integrity? Windows NT was a version of Windows that included a graphical interface on top of a DOS kernel. Promotional shot of the Compaq Deskpro 386s. The first microcomputers (images) - CNET The Nest would remember what temperature users preferred by training itself to monitor daily use patterns for a few days then adopting that pattern as its new way of controlling home temperature. answer choices True Fasle Question 3 30 seconds Q. The C64, as it is better known, sells for $595, comes with 64 KB of RAM and features impressive graphics. Mid-Term Exam | Digital Literacy Quiz - Quizizz - Quizizz The world