If unrecognized, they are translated interpreting the meaning of the single words to the letter, with doubtful outcome. The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions,. in Davis 317), The Catcher in the Rye has been banned continually from schools, libraries, and bookstores due to its profanity, sexual subject matter, and rejection of some traditional American ideals. Its hopeless, anyway. I need at least one quote for support. ( http://www.script.com:p.15) from this example is well seen that the author used one of the meanings of the word kid. The characters in J.D. In a New York Times op-ed piece published after J. D. Salingers recent death, David Lodge charged that many of Salingers critics simply didnt get his work, particularly his post-Catcher in the Rye and Nine Stories work. His former teacher is needling him about his failures at Pencey; at this point, he lectures Holden about the importance of playing by the rules. The red hunting hat is one of the most recognizable symbols from twentieth-century American literature. "Mad about Children." | He followed Catcher with a short story collection, Nine Stories (1953), a collection of a novella and a short story, Franny and Zooey (1961), and a collection of two novellas, Raise High the Roof Beam, Carpenters and Seymour: An Introduction (1963). Observe the cat is scratching right now." In the theory of translation, this type of code switching is called atransformation. The Catcher In the Rye are both among the most important novels of the twentieth century. It often used in stylistic purposes and therefore a translator runs into two obstacles: he should avoid and at the same time not to break the norms of translation. The last type of characters speech is represented speech which also could be called inner speech and that was used in order to described Holdens thoughts and the way in which he thought also this type was used by the author in order to convey to the reader Holdens feelings. The fact that a novel of such radical social opinion and observation was written in a time of conservatism in America made it all the more controversial. Unless the target-language idiom corresponds to the source-language idiom both in form and in meaning, the play on idiom cannot be successfully reproduced in the target text. Practically, even identical words in different languages are not always equal in their meaning, they never correspond completely. Indeed, the cynicism that Holden uses to avoid expressing his feelings may result from Allies death. The second type of difficulty is distinguishing between various uses of a word of general vocabulary. The way a language chooses to express, or not express, various meanings cannot be predicted and only occasionally matches the way another language chooses to express the same meanings. Although the language of the Romanian version is much harsher, stronger and more direct as the original, it is the only way Romanian readers who do not speak English or who did not read the novel in original (depending thus entirely on its translation) can really understand the controversy created around the novel and why so many people censured and banned it. The translation process from one language into another is inevitable without necessary grammatical transformations (change of structure). This type of code switching is translation proper, the object of Translation Studies. J. D. Salinger used a lot of stylistic device which made the content of the novel more exiting. The writings of Salinger, while they may have been excellent in style, have become very controversial for what he has portrayed in the society during this time period, The Catcher in the Ray is a writing of a well-known American writer J. D. Salinger that is marked by a lot of characteristics of Salinger writings. There are different types of translation difficulties. The interjection that was used by the author is Ohwell (J. D. Salinger:7)The interjection used by the author Oh it is possible to express various feelings such as regret, despair, disappointment sorrow, surprise and many others but especially this the author point out to the reader Old Spenser hesitation for giving a clear and interesting answer to Holdens question. Holden cannot get a moment alone; Ackley continues to barge in with his made-up sex stories, and when Holden writes the very personal composition about his brother Allie, Stradlater criticizes it and then taunts Holden about Jane. As a result, he has isolated himself and fears intimacy. For most of the book, he sounds like a grumpy old man who is angry at the world, but his search for the ducks represents the curiosity of youth and a joyful willingness to encounter the mysteries of the world. The museum presents him with a vision of life he can understand: it is frozen, silent, and always the same. London: Penguin Books Ltd., 1994; Stern, James. It is an implicit comparison of two unlike objects. Sometimes it can end up there. The translator is always alert in order to catch a passage that is marked, forms a particular sensitivity allowing the translator, to stop and think about an unusual formulation even when in translators experience he/she never ran across that particular idiomatic expression. The works of Salinger show the quest for happiness through religion, loneliness, and symbolism. Salinger also shows his symbolism from other works through the work of Mark Twain. The obstacle for the translator consists in recognizing phraseologisms. PhDessay is an educational resource where over 1,000,000 free essays are Get expert help in mere Thus, an important conclusion and argument in favor of C. Ionescus translation is that the first version is full of examples that lead to the idea of the need for a second translation in Romanian, examples which may not have been obvious without such an analytical comparison. J. D. Salinger with his well-known work The Catcher in the Rye is also one of the main representatives of this literature. Yet the novel is not without its sharp advocates, who argue that it is a critical look at the problems facing American youth during the 1950's. In order to achieve the main goal and to study these important features of this theme the following specific objectives must be considered. The Oxford Advanced Learners Dictionary, Sixth Edition, Oxford University Press 2007; http://dictionary.oed.com/cgi/entry/50034626?single=1&query_type=word&queryword=catharsis&first=1&max_to_show=10. It is significant that in the final sentence Holden uses the second-person pronoun you instead of the first-person me. It seems to be an attempt to distance him from the inevitable process of change. An idiom in the source language may have a very close counter part in the target language which looks similar on the surface but has a totally or partially different meaning. The real thing, with the curtain of language somehow made transparent. Why does Holden tear up the composition? - Short-Question Normally, the conflict becomes the base of the unhapppiness, but many of the Salingers characters, loneliness or isolation is the better way for seach happiness. Furthermore, it should be point out major differences in the translation of Salingers use of colloquial and taboo language in the English and Romanian versions, the Romanian version was the farthest because of its abundant use of euphemisms and euphemistic formulations throughout the book. Out of these words, people. What did Holden write Stradlater's composition about *? Historical Context Essay: Mental Health in the Mid-Twentieth Century, Literary Context Essay: Vernacular Language & The Catcher in the Rye. Does Holden hate Stradlater? A list of personal pronoun is provided here: In Romanian variant of the The Catcher in the Rye by J. D. Salinger is presented the tendency to omit the subject pronouns or to use their presupposed noun, because the verb carries an enclitic subject. For example, his conversation with Carl Luce and his date with Sally Hayes are made unbearable by his rude behavior. And this features enables the translator to use his creativity in translation. He is also mad because he knows that it is impossible to keep from kids getting their innocence taken away. I'm standing on the edge of some crazy cliff. The author used in his novel the comparison to show to the reader the variety and difference in Holdens thoughts. Nevertheless such cases are not always losses in translation. However, if Fred and Joe agree on the fact that the cat has fleas, they may further question why this is so and put forth an explanation: "The reason the cat has fleas is that the weather has been damp." Inter-semiotic translation or transmutation (an interpretation of verbal signs of non-verbal sign systems). He is frightened because he is guilty of the sins he criticizes in others, and because he can't understand everything around him. In the wake of Modernism, and post-enlightenment, meet narratives tended to be emancipator, whereas beforehand this was not a consistent characteristic. In this Research Paper we have investigated various translation difficulties of from English into Russian. This quote shows that Holden wants to protect kids. What is their relationship? The free trial period is the first 7 days of your subscription. $18.74/subscription + tax, Save 25% 81) The Ducks in the pond are symbolic in many ways, they prove that some vanishings are only temporary. Transposition is required when the English sentence contains a large group of nouns with indefinite article and then it is natural that they, being the center of informative message are placed at the end of the sentence. How Does Holden Caulfield Change Throughout The Catcher In The Rye Meaning is not some abstract object that is independent of people and culture. of The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. The practical chapter will single out examples of translation difficulties from the sourse language English and target language Romanian. What is the setting for The Catcher in the Rye? The target-oriented means [to render] a source text in a form that is as natural as possible for the reader of the target text and that conforms to conventional usage in the target language and culture. It does not follow that a person proposing an explanation has any sympathy for the views or actions being explained. You'll be billed after your free trial ends. An important lexical pecularity single out in Salingers writing is the metaphor and in the same time which is one of the main stylistic device used in The Catcher in the Rye. Robert Coles reflected general critical opinion of the author when he called Salinger "an original and gifted writer, a marvelous entertainer, a man free of the slogans and clichs the rest of us fall prey to". The only thing that would be different would be you. Essay. Idiomatic and fixed expressions have individual collocational patterns. Slang is often to be found in areas of the lexicon that refer to things considered taboo. They talk, argue, and then reconcile, and Phoebe asks Holden what he wants to do with his life. It wouldnt come off. This is a people shooting hat, I said. Several years before, Allie died of leukemia. The Life Song This may be intended to explain why he doesn't write about his adventures and misadventures in New York until some time after these events have occurred. Holden relentlessly insults Stradlater, driving him crazy until he punches Holden and bloodies his nose. One of the most important translation difficulties is grammatical translation difficulties which is the hardest one in the identification and in the same time which change the structure and the meaning of the words from the source text into target text. The first is reprented by theoretical information where the literature of the Modern Age and the activity of one of the main representative of this period is analysed. The hat is outlandish, and it shows that Holden desires to be different from everyone around him. Ian Hamilton adheres to this view, arguing that while Salinger's early stories for the "slicks" boasted "tight, energetic" dialogue, they had also been formulaic and sentimental. Translators false friends result from transferring the sounds of a source language word literally into the target language. Salinger, the other novelty was the big critic of the society that it represented. This chapter will point out the activity of one of the main representative of the 20th century J.D.Salinser and critics about one of the well-known writing of this writer The Catcher in the Rye. my first topic sentence isabout emotional feelings towards Allie but i don't knw what can i pick for the 2 nd topic sentence. You can use it as an example when writing Some of the major conclusions, differences or main observations between English and Romanian versions could be summarized as follows: The Romanian version uses more diverse ways of rendering Holdens speech habits or linguistic repetitions. The Holy book gave him peace. Contact us The semantics of a word reflects different signs of the subject and the relation of its meanings to other objects it denotes. The semantic structure of a word predefines the possibility of its contextual use, and the translation of contextual meaning presents a hard task to translators. When Holden writes composition for Stradlater in "The Catcher - eNotes Holden and Stradlater make there way down to a bathroom because Stradlater needs to shave. In 1951 Salinger released his novel, The Catcher in the Rye, an immediate popular success. It is his catch-all for describing the superficiality, hypocrisy, pretension, and shallowness that he encounters in the world around him. Some game. The best one in it was The Secret Goldfish. I have also tried to briefly present the reception of the novel, the translations and solutions offered to the problems raised by Salingers use of colloquial language in other countries. Holden nevertheless does shoot people in his own way: when he is in this cynical frame of mind, he expends all of his mental energy denigrating the people around him. Its possible that Salingers character in this case, Holden- is expressed in his own works: some literary critics insist that the author is very controversial, and his novels are not simple. The difference is that the attempt is not to settle whether or not some claim is true, it is to show why it is true. ; the person lost their job, the person got evicted, etc.). Every citizen how the rights of life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. Why does Holden wear the red hunting hat? We're sorry, SparkNotes Plus isn't available in your country. [14] March 3, 2023, SNPLUSROCKS20 The symbols I have chosen display Holden Caufields emotions, actions, and way of life. Members will be prompted to log in or create an account to redeem their group membership. Summarizing: Slinger concentrates on the flow of Holdens voice, the starts and hesitations that echo his behaviour. Holden annoys Stradlater by writing the composition about a baseball glove rather than about a room or house, as Stradlater had asked him. No game.. Salinger is now a recluse. The writer also used this stylistic devise like comparison in order to give a clear description of Ackley through the next comparison dirty as hell( J.D.Salinger:19)and the author pointed out that there are people that dont look very good as using the rules that are taken in society for a good looking. Idiom more than any other feature of language demands that the translator be not only accurate but highly sensitive to the rhetorical nuances of the language. Nevertheless the translators have tried to compensate this loss through distinctive methods. In fact his main goal is to resist maturing. In contextual usage of a word in poetry or prose often point to the authors penetration into the depth of the words semantic structure. The symbol of isolation lies in the hat that Holden wears while he is writing. Our summaries and analyses are written by experts, and your questions are answered by real teachers. Theyre nice and all Im not saying that but. In The Catcher in the Rye, what does Holden mean when he says, "Don't ever tell anybody anything. Absence of some corresponding word or lexical-semantic variant in both languages is also one of the reasons of applying additional words in translation. This quotation is from Holden's conversation with Spencer in Chapter 2. The author used the next kind of epithets grand people (J. D. Salinger: 8) which is a simple epithet because is used by an adjective and a noun. Finally, the pond itself becomes a minor metaphor for the world as Holden sees it, because it is partly frozen and partly not frozen. The pond is in transition between two states, just as Holden is in transition between childhood and adulthood. Louis Menand agrees, writing in The New Yorker that Salinger "stopped writing stories, in the conventional sense. He seemed to lose interest in fiction as an art formperhaps he thought there was something manipulative or inauthentic about literary device and authorial control." The wider is the semantic volume of a word, the wider is its combinability, thus due to this feature it can interact with various word forms and word combinations. Once an idiom or fixed expression has been recognized and interpreted correctly, the next step is to decide how to translate it into the target language. In the following analyses will be given some examples of slangs from the novel with the help of direct quotations. The Catcher in the Rye 1-5 | Literature Quiz - Quizizz The second is represented by the analysis of a modernist novel written by J. D. Salinger The Cather in the Ray in which would be treated the points such as lexical pecularities and translation difficulties used by the author. Another important type of translation difficulty that was used by the author in his writing The Catcher in the Rye is abbreviation that is a kind of shortening of the words through cutting one of the part of the word and using the apostroph for joining two words, that is the type which create a lot of problem in the prosses of translation.. Therse exemples of translation difficulties used by the author in his vovel The Catcher in the Ray shows to the reader that the writer tried to combine in his work different features of the period in which he activated that is Modernism and some important features of the previous period which is Realism. . When studying the reality of some object can be identify that its name reveals its functions which finds the reflection in the semantics of the word. He worshipped the memory of Allie,and he kept Allie's left-handed mitt in his suitcase. The conversation in which Mr. Antolini speaks these words takes place in Chapter 24. Contemporary met narratives were becoming less relevant in light of the implications of World War I, the rise of trade unionism, a general social discontent, and the emergence of psychoanalysis. A text has some features which make the texture of a text. Another important aspect of this chapter focused on the presentation of the major themes developed by Salinger in his novel, in the Nine Stories collection and in some of his mature and last publications until 1965 when he stopped publishing his writings. J. D. Salinger used a lot of epithets in his work The Cather in the Ray in order to present a good characteristic of the characters which are in the work and of the objects that he used in his work the epithets were used for pointing out to the reader some of the properties or features of the characters and of the objects with the aim of giving an individual perception and evaluation of these features or properties. The more Holden focuses on his dead brother, the more alone he feels.He does not connect with the people around him, but dwells on people who are memories, like Allie and Jane Gallagher. Holden wouldn't stop talking about Jane and kept calling him a moron and insulting him Where did Holden go immediately after the fight? J. D. Salingers secluded lifestyle had its share of contribution and impact on the very popularity he has rejected and the implicit controversy. Besides, Im not going to tell you my whole goddam autobiography or anything. The fact that he keeps the mitt with poems inside, tells the reader that Holden has not let go of his past nor of innocence. Textual (syntagmatic) equivalence, where there is equivalence of the syntagmatic structuring of a text, i.e. Every statement made about the work by a reader of the translation should also be true of the original text. He stands up for Harley and Maddi and against protagonists like Nathan throughout the novel. Use of short sentences and AND clauses that link short sentences: That isnt too far from this crumby place. Latest answer posted February 26, 2021 at 10:56:04 AM. Davis's LA Timeline Part 1 | Preceden There are various types of idioms, some more easily recognizable than others. Other types are derivations from one of the other meanings that lead to a verb or activity. What is their relationship? Ask and answer questions. Salinger uses symbolism from other books in his books to convey how the characters in his works will change for a better life. Experience, he asserts, is largely determined by the language habits of the community, and each separate structure represents a separate reality: No two languages are ever sufficiently similar to be considered as representing the same social reality. This twofold approach, social and cultural, can help better understand the whole context in which Salinger produced his literary masterpiece, which in turn can greatly help in understanding the reception of the novel in the two cultures and its status in contemporary society. Reserved epithets composed of two nouns linked by an of phrase. As he finishes the essay, Holden can hear Ackley snoring and comments that one has to feel sorry for Ackley when one considers all the problems he has.". The comparisons that were used in The Cather in the Ray are pretty as hell (J.D.Salinger:12) through this stylistic devices the author pointed out to the reader the that everything in Holdens life which was worse was compared with the source of the bad things which is HELL, and the usage of this word by the author showed to the reader that there are no any another bad places like HELL. elements of grammar, which Popovic sees as being a higher category than lexical equivalence. Mr. Antolini's words here resonate with the desires Holden has just expressed to Phoebe: like the catcher in the rye that Holden envisions, Mr. Antolini is trying to catch Holden in the midst of a fall. But the fall Mr. Antolini describes is very different from the one Holden had imagined. In translation from English to other languages it is faced the conflict of two completely different cultures, levels of development, customs and traditions. ), and "cultural untranslatability," (idioms, sayings, proverbs, jokes, puns, etc.). The most important patterns, themes and motifs in Salingers fiction were the centre of this chapter, but before embarking upon discussing Salingers literary trademarks, it has to be approached the issue concerning the controversy around Salinger and his ability to maintain his reputation in the context of his self-imposed reclusive lifestyle. More books than SparkNotes. In the book, Holden explains the symbol meaning of the museums displays. All Questions and Answers | Q & A | GradeSaver Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. Only by seeing the real function of the language can people understand why Salinger is a master in rendering and imitating teenagers colloquial speech and thus come closer to the essence of the novel. 52) The red hunting hat is inseparable from the image of Holden Caufield, with good reason. Holden is angry at his family for coping with Allie's death, he is angry at the world for continuing when his little brother died. Metaphor is transference of some quality from one object to another. Modernist writers were more acutely conscious of the objectivity of their surroundings. The many negative reactions were mainly caused by the social and political background of the postwar period, by misunderstanding the text, by misreading it, by associating the novel with famous criminals and the reading of the novel by the wrong audienceteenagers instead of adults. Holden has to be in the mood to do anything. Stuff may also refer to: This word appear in the novel from the first pages ofthe noveland the author used the all meanings of the word stuff. Without a doubt, J.D. Salinger's portrayal of Holden, which includes incidents of depression, nervous breakdown, impulsive spending, sexual exploration, vulgarity, and other erratic behavior, have all attributed to the controversial nature of the novel. Salinger uses much of the symbolism to show how the life of the characters has become happy. Using our knowledge of collocational patterns may not always tell us what an idiom means but it could easily help us in many cases to recognize an idiom, particularly one which has a literal as well as a non-literal meaning. What is the main message of The Catcher in the Rye. These two criterias identify the needs for a good knowledges in English in some of its branches of science. It doesnt include every instance when the hearer or reader has to supply missing information, but only those cases where grammatical structure itself points to an item or items that can fill the slot in question. First and foremost, Stradlater strikes Holden as a "hotshot," which in his lexicon is another word for "phony.". Holden then asks Stradlater who the girl he was dating was. Once the translator has coped with this obstacle, the most frequent translation difficulties are of a semantic and cultural nature: "Linguistic untranslatability" (cognates, i.e. Alliefelt separate from his teammates while playing baseball. What other character Why did Holden decide to write Stradlater's composition for him in The Catcher in the Rye?